Hysterectomy in Turkey

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The surgical removal of the uterus and, most likely, the cervix is known as a hysterectomy. A hysterectomy may involve the removal of nearby organs and tissues, including the ovaries and fallopian tubes, depending on the purpose of the operation. During pregnancy, a fetus develops in the uterus. Blood lost during your menstrual cycle makes up its lining. After a hysterectomy, you won’t be able to become pregnant or start your period. Women between the ages of 40 and 50 are more likely to undergo this surgery.

A hysterectomy is a major procedure for a woman and is only suggested after all other therapeutic options have failed. Some of the conditions that require a hysterectomy operation are as follows,

Fibroids in the uterus or leiomyomas (noncancerous tumors):

Non-cancerous growths in or near the womb are called fibroids (uterus). The growths range in size and are composed of muscle and fibrous tissue. Fibroid signs and symptoms might include menstrual pain or discomfort. If you have large fibroids or significant bleeding and do not want to have any more children, a hysterectomy may be advised. Pelvic pain, frequent urination, or constipation may also be present.

Abnormal or excessive vaginal bleeding that cannot be treated with other measures:

Many women experience significant blood loss during their periods. They might also have additional signs, such as pain and cramping in their stomach. The signs and symptoms may significantly affect a woman’s quality of life in some cases. Fibroids can occasionally be the cause of heavy periods, but this is not always the case. When the following conditions exist, womb removal may be the only option for stopping persistent and heavy menstrual bleeding:

• Other therapies have not been effective
• When a woman no longer wants to have children
• Periods should end because the bleeding has a substantial negative influence on the quality of life

 Increased pelvic pain associated with your uterus that other treatments have not been able to control:

Can lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). PID is an infection of the female reproductive system caused by bacteria. Antibiotics can be used to treat the illness if it is discovered quickly. However, if it spreads, it may harm the fallopian tubes and womb, leading to infertility and chronic pain. Additionally, it can make an ectopic pregnancy more likely. If the infection is serious and a woman no longer desires children, a hysterectomy may be advised to remove the womb and fallopian tubes.

Uterine prolapse, which can cause urinary incontinence or bowel obstruction since the uterus “fell” into the vaginal canal due to weak support muscles:

When the tissues and muscles supporting the uterus deteriorate, the womb drops down from its normal position and develops a prolapsed uterus. Some symptoms include backache, urinary incontinence, and difficulties with sexual activities. Because the entire womb is removed after a hysterectomy, the symptoms of prolapse are eliminated. If the patient does not want to have any more children and the tissues and ligaments that support the womb significantly deteriorate, it might be advised.

To prevent cancer:

These cancers may require a hysterectomy:

• Ovarian cancer
• Breast cancer
• The fallopian tube cancer
• Cancer of the womb (uterus)

Depending on how far the disease has gone and what stage it is at, a hysterectomy can be the only available course of action.

Conditions affecting your uterus’ lining, such as adenomyosis, recurring uterine polyps, endometriosis, or endometrial hyperplasia:

The process of adenomyosis occurs when the muscle-lined womb’s natural lining begins to develop. Your periods may be more uncomfortable due to this excess tissue, which can also lead to pelvic pain. Adenomyosis can be cured by a hysterectomy, but this is only an option if all other therapies have failed and you don’t want to have any more kids.

Endometriosis is when tissue that ordinarily grows in the womb’s lining begins to grow in other locations, such as the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Pain, heaviness, irregular periods and infertility may result from this. The endometrial tissue that is causing the pain may be removed during a hysterectomy. However, it won’t typically be explored unless other, less invasive therapies have failed and the woman decides against having children or is unable to do so.

Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition in which the uterine lining’s cells proliferate and/or abundantly, unlike endometriosis where the lining quits the uterus.

Growths that are attached to the uterus’ internal wall and that protrude into the organ are known as uterine polyps. Endometrial polyps, also known as uterine polyps, are growths of the endometrium, the lining of the uterus.

Depending on your circumstances, your healthcare professional will talk to you about the type of hysterectomy that is required. Your fallopian tubes and/or ovaries may need to be removed depending on the results of this. The kinds of operations are as follows,

Total hysterectomy: A total hysterectomy involves the removal of the uterus, and cervix, but not the ovaries.

Supracervical hysterectomy: Excision of only the upper portion of the uterus, leaving the cervix untouched.

Total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy: Removal of the uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes (salpingectomy), and ovaries. Removing your ovaries will cause menopausal symptoms if you have never gone through it.

Radical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy: The removal of your uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, ovaries, the upper region of your vagina, some surrounding tissue, and lymph nodes. When cancer is present, this kind of hysterectomy is done.

The kind of hysterectomy you require and the most effective surgical technique to carry it out will be decided by your healthcare professional. After changing into a hospital gown, sensors that track your heart rate will be attached to you. For the delivery of fluids and drugs, an intravenous (IV) line is inserted into a vein in your arm. A doctor who administers anesthesia will give you either general anesthesia, in which you won’t be conscious during the procedure; or regional anesthesia (also known as epidural or spinal anesthesia), in which drugs are injected close to the lower back nerves to “block” pain while you’re conscious.

There are various surgical approaches that your healthcare professional may utilize to accomplish a hysterectomy. To learn more about hysterectomy in Turkey continue reading.

• Through an incision at the top of your vagina, your uterus is removed. No external incision is present.
• In your vagina, dissolvable stitches are inserted.
• Uterine prolapse and other nonmalignant (or noncancerous) disorders are the most typical uses.
• The fastest recovery (up to four weeks) and the least number of issues make this method the best choice.
• Usually, people return home the same day as the surgery.

• Through a tiny incision in your belly button, a laparoscope (a thin tube with a video camera on the end) is put in your lower abdomen.
• Surgical instruments are inserted through further tiny incisions. Through incisions in your abdomen or your vagina, your uterus can be cut up and removed into little pieces.
• Some patients are discharged from the hospital the same day or after only one night.
• Compared to an abdominal hysterectomy, full recovery is quicker and less painful.

• The procedure is carried out by your surgeon with the aid of a robotic device. The surgeon has control of robotic arms and tools.
• Your abdomen is opened up and a laparoscope is introduced to observe your pelvic region.
• Three to five small incisions are made around your belly button to introduce tiny, thin surgical instruments.
• Similar to a laparoscopic hysterectomy, the recovery is quick.

• The uterus is removed via a six- to an eight-inch incision in your abdomen.
• The incision is made either across the top of your frontal hairline or from your belly button to your pubic bone.
• To close the wound, the surgeon will use stitches or staples.
• Most frequently applied when a patient has cancer, an enlarged uterus, or when the disease has progressed to other pelvic areas.
• It typically demands a longer recovery period as well as a longer hospital stay (two or three days).

One to three hours pass during the procedure. The length of time can vary depending on your uterus’s size, the necessity to remove scar tissue from prior operations, the presence of other tissues like endometrial tissue, and whether or not other organs are being removed along with your uterus (like your fallopian tubes or ovaries).

After a hysterectomy, your other organs expand to take up the empty area. The area where your uterus formerly stood is now mostly filled by your small and big intestines.

You can feel worn out and in some pain after a hysterectomy. This is typical following this kind of surgery. Painkillers will be administered to you to help with any discomfort and pain. Your nurse can administer medication to help you feel better if you have nausea following the anesthetic.

You might have,

• Patches applied on your wounds a catheter
• A tiny tube that drains urine from your bladder into a collection bag, and a drip in your arm
• A drainage tube in your abdomen to remove any blood from your wound’s bottom (if you underwent an abdominal hysterectomy) These tubes typically stay in place for 1 to 2 days.
• In order to reduce the risk of bleeding after a vaginal hysterectomy, a gauze pack is put into the vagina and often remains in place for 24 hours.

You’ll be advised to go for a quick walk the day after your procedure. This promotes healthy blood flow and lowers the possibility of issues like leg blood clots (deep vein thrombosis). A physiotherapist might demonstrate some mobility-enhancing exercises for you. To aid in your recovery, they might also demonstrate some exercises for your pelvic floor muscles. Your ability to pass pee normally should return once the catheter has been taken out. After your procedure, any sutures that need to be removed will be done so 5 to 7 days later.

• For one to six weeks, you may experience minor vaginal bleeding. To capture the discharge, only use a thin sanitary pad or pantyliner.
• For at least four to six weeks, avoid lifting anything that weighs more than 10 pounds.
• Sexual activities should be avoided for six weeks following surgery.
• Showering is permitted. Wash the wound with soap and water; no need to remove the stitches; they will fall out in about six weeks.
• There is no need to cover the incision with a bandage. If surgical strips were used, they ought to disappear naturally after a week. Your healthcare professional will need to remove any staples if they were used.
• Depending on how you feel, you may start exercising again in four to six weeks.

Complications after a hysterectomy are possible, as they are with any surgical procedure. Some of the potential issues include:

Problems from general anesthesia

The complications that arise due to general anesthesia are extremely rare. However serious side effects might include allergic response and nerve damage. Your risk of experiencing difficulties before an operation is lower if you are physically fit and healthy.

Bleeding

After a hysterectomy, there is a slight chance of experiencing significant bleeding, such as hemorrhage which is blood loss from damaged blood vessels happening in a short period of time, as with all major procedures. You might need a blood transfusion if you are bleeding heavily. Blood transfusion happens when a patient receives an injection of blood that has previously been taken from a healthy person.

Clots of blood

A blood clot often referred to as a thrombosis, can develop in a vein and obstruct blood flow and oxygen delivery throughout the body. Following procedures and extended periods of immobility, the risk of blood clots increases. After your procedure, you’ll be urged to get up and move around as quickly as possible. To lower your risk of clots, a blood-thinning medicine (anticoagulant) may also be injected into you.

Infection

After surgery, there is always a chance of infection. This can be a urinary tract infection or a wound infection. These can be treated with antibiotics and are typically not dangerous. Your bladder (cystitis), urethra (urethritis), or kidneys are all affected by urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Damage of ureter

During surgery, the ureter, which is the tube through which urine is delivered, may be harmed. This is a rare condition, and the surgery to remove the uterus typically fixes it.

Harm to the bladder or bowel

Damage to abdominal organs like the bladder or bowel can occur. This may result in issues like infection, incontinence, and frequent urination. Any damage sustained during the hysterectomy can be repaired. You could require a temporary catheter to drain your urine.

Genital issues

There is a chance of complications following a vaginal hysterectomy where the cervix was removed. This can include prolapse in later years, infection, or poor wound healing following the procedure.

Ovarian failure and early menopause 

Even if you still have one or both of your ovaries, you can experience menopause symptoms earlier than you anticipated. You will typically experience menopausal symptoms soon after having your ovaries removed, including:

• A hot flush
• Dryness of the vagina
• Sweat
• Disrupted sleeping

This is due to the fact that your ovaries no longer release eggs (ovulate) and no longer release the hormone estrogen. This is crucial to take into account if you’re under 40 because menopause that begins too soon can raise your chance of getting weak bones (osteoporosis). The reason for this is that estrogen levels fall during menopause. You might need to take additional medication to prevent osteoporosis depending on your age and situation. Regardless of what type of complication you experience after the surgery don’t hesitate to contact your doctor if you are feeling uncomfortable.

The average recovery time following a hysterectomy is four to six weeks. Your recovery will depend on the kind of hysterectomy you underwent and how it was carried out. It takes less time to recover after a vaginal and laparoscopic hysterectomy than from an abdominal hysterectomy. Gradually upping your activity is advised, and you should also pay attention to how you feel. Stop doing anything that makes you feel pain. For particular advice on how to recover at home, including which drugs to take, talk to your healthcare professional.

Depending on the type of work you do and how you feel, it will take you a while to get back to work. After six to eight weeks, you might be able to return to work if your position does not require manual labor or heavy lifting. When you can go back to work will be determined by your doctor.

A hysterectomy can make life more enjoyable for you, especially if you experience heavy, irregular bleeding or ongoing pelvic pain. A hysterectomy can potentially reduce your risk of developing uterine cancer and save your life if you are more susceptible to the disease. 

On the other hand, it is important to remember that for a woman, a hysterectomy is a serious procedure that is only recommended when all other forms of treatment have failed. The healing from a hysterectomy is long. It is permanent, carries dangers, and has adverse effects. Depending on the type of operation, you may enter menopause or suffer menopausal symptoms. Following the operation, you won’t be able to get pregnant.

You may ask yourself “What is the cost of hysterectomy in Turkey?” The cost of a hysterectomy in Turkey depends on the type of hysterectomy you underwent. In general, the cost varies between $8,000 and $20,000.

 Hysterectomy in Turkey Summary (Price, Duration Time, Hospitalization)

Operation Number	1	Time to return to work	6-8 weeks
Operation Time	1-3 hours	Recovery	6-8 weeks
Anesthesia	General Anesthesia	Persistence of Results	Permanent
Sensitivity Time	4-6 weeks	Hospital Stay	2-3 days
Price	From 8,00 EUR to 20,000 EUR